Immunogenicity of Hepatitis B vaccine in preterm and full term infants vaccinated within the first week of life

The immunogenicity of a Hepatitis B vaccine was evaluated in 110 neonates (57 full term and 53 preterm) born to Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative mothers. Three 10 μg doses of recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine were administered: the first dose within the first week of life; the second betwe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccine 2002-02, Vol.20 (11), p.1557-1562
Main Authors: Freitas da Motta, Márcia Soares, Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa Márcia, Jorge, Salim Moysés, Tachibana Yoshida, Clara Fumiko, Sandoval de Souza, Cleonice Barbosa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Epidemiology. Vaccinations
Female
Full term neonate
General aspects
Hepatitis B - immunology
Hepatitis B - prevention & control
Hepatitis B - transmission
Hepatitis B Antibodies - blood
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood
Hepatitis B vaccine
Hepatitis B Vaccines - administration & dosage
Hepatitis B Vaccines - immunology
Hepatitis B virus
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immunization Schedule
Immunogenicity
Infant
Infant, Newborn - immunology
Infant, Premature - immunology
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Preterm neonate
Vaccines, Synthetic - administration & dosage
Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
Viral diseases
Viral hepatitis
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Summary:The immunogenicity of a Hepatitis B vaccine was evaluated in 110 neonates (57 full term and 53 preterm) born to Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative mothers. Three 10 μg doses of recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine were administered: the first dose within the first week of life; the second between 1 and 2 months; and the third at 5–7 months of age. Anti-HBs antibody titres were measured 3 months after the third dose. The seroconversion rate in preterm infants (77%; 95% CI=64.7–87.1) was significantly lower than in full term infants (98%; 95% CI=91.6–99.9) while the mean anti-HBs titres among those infants that did seroconvert was lower in preterm (186.6 mIU ml −1) than in full term infants (537.5 mIU ml −1). More full term than preterm infants showed titres greater than 100 mIU ml −1 (71.9 and 41.5%, respectively). We conclude that the administration of a recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine shortly after birth is less immunogenic in preterm infants weighing
ISSN:0264-410X
1873-2518
DOI:10.1016/S0264-410X(01)00493-5