Do interleukin-1 polymorphisms predict the development of periodontitis or the success of dental implants?

• Published in: Journal of periodontal research 2002-02, Vol.37 (1), p.37-41
• Main Authors: ROGERS, Marina A, FIGLIOMENI, Lisa, BALUCHOVA, Katarina, TAN, Albert E. S, DAVIES, Gareth, HENRY, Patrick J, PRICE, Patricia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aggressive Periodontitis - genetics; Aggressive Periodontitis - immunology; Alleles; Biological and medical sciences; Case-Control Studies; Dental Implants; Dental Restoration Failure; Dentistry; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Female; Forecasting; Genotype; Gingiva - chemistry; Head and neck surgery. Maxillofacial surgery. Dental surgery. Orthodontics; Heterozygote; Homozygote; Humans; Interferon-gamma - analysis; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1 - genetics; Interleukin-6 - analysis; Male; Maxillofacial surgery. Dental surgery. Orthodontics; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Non tumoral diseases; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Periodontitis - etiology; Periodontitis - genetics; Periodontitis - immunology; Polymorphism, Genetic - genetics; Receptors, Interleukin-1 - antagonists & inhibitors; Risk Factors; RNA, Messenger - analysis; Sialoglycoproteins - analysis; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0022-3484; 1600-0765
• DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2002.00651.x

Factors which increase the risk of severe adult periodontitis (AP) may also contribute to the success of dental implants. To determine which cytokines may be relevant, levels of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) mRNA were quantitated in gingival tissue from periodontitis patients and healthy controls. Periodontitis significantly increased levels of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IFN-gamma mRNA relative to healthy tissues. IL-1 was selected for further study, as it has inflammatory and bone resorbing properties. We examined IL-1A(-889) and IL-1B(+3953) alleles in Caucasian patients with AP and early-onset periodontitis (EOP), patients with dental implants and healthy individuals. The IL-1B(+3953) polymorphism was associated with AP. This was evident from an increased homozygosity for allele 2 in patients with AP and a decreased heterozygosity in advanced AP patients. IL-1A(-889) and a composite genotype [IL-1A(-889)2 plus IL-1B(+3953)2] showed no association with the incidence of periodontitis, disease onset or disease severity. IL-1A(-889), IL-1B(+3953) and the composite genotype also showed no association with failure of dental implants.