Flow cytometric analysis of vaccine responses: how many colors are enough?

The past 5 years have seen an explosion in technological advances related to measuring immunogenicity. Specifically, two distinct areas of development have led to considerably more detailed analysis of T cell responses: first, the ability to measure over a dozen distinct antigens expressed by indivi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Fla.), 2004-03, Vol.110 (3), p.199-205
Main Authors: Roederer, Mario, Brenchley, Jason M, Betts, Michael R, De Rosa, Stephen C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cytomegalovirus - immunology
Flow Cytometry
Fluorescence
Fluorescence parameters
Humans
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Vaccines
Vaccines - immunology
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Summary:The past 5 years have seen an explosion in technological advances related to measuring immunogenicity. Specifically, two distinct areas of development have led to considerably more detailed analysis of T cell responses: first, the ability to measure over a dozen distinct antigens expressed by individual cells simultaneously (12-color flow cytometry); and second, a host of assays that rapidly and viably identify antigen-specific T cells. Together, these technologies reveal the complex heterogeneity of an immune response generated during infection or after vaccine challenge. The next 5 years will see the determination of which underlying variables will be most important to quantifying vaccine efficacy. In this manuscript, we discuss these technologies, with a focus on assisting in the design and implementation of immunogenicity trials for future vaccine efforts.
ISSN:1521-6616
1521-7035
DOI:10.1016/j.clim.2003.11.015