Attentional Effects of Counterpredictive Gaze and Arrow Cues

The authors used counterpredictive cues to examine reflexive and volitional orienting to eyes and arrows. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of eyes with a novel design that allowed for a comparison of gazed-at (cued) target locations and likely (predicted) target locations against baseline locat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance 2004-04, Vol.30 (2), p.319-329
Main Authors: Friesen, Chris Kelland, Ristic, Jelena, Kingstone, Alan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Attention
Biological and medical sciences
Cues
Experimental Psychology
Eye Fixation
Eye Movements
Eyes & eyesight
Female
Fixation, Ocular
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human
Humans
Male
Orienting Responses
Perception
Prediction
Prospective Studies
Psychology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Reaction Time
Selective Attention
Sensory perception
Vision
Visual Perception
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Summary:The authors used counterpredictive cues to examine reflexive and volitional orienting to eyes and arrows. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of eyes with a novel design that allowed for a comparison of gazed-at (cued) target locations and likely (predicted) target locations against baseline locations that were not cued and not predicted. Attention shifted reflexively to the cued location and volitionally to the predicted location, and these 2 forms of orienting overlapped in time. Experiment 2 discovered that another well-learned directional stimulus, an arrow, produced a different effect: Attention was shifted only volitionally to the predicted location. The authors suggest that because there is a neural architecture specialized for processing eyes, gaze-triggered attention is more strongly reflexive than orienting to arrows.
ISSN:0096-1523
1939-1277
DOI:10.1037/0096-1523.30.2.319