Impairment of Executive Function Induced by Hypertension in the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta )

The effects of chronic, untreated hypertension on executive function were investigated in a nonhuman primate model of hypertensive cerebrovascular disease. Executive function was assessed with the Conceptual Set-Shifting Task (CSST), a task adapted from the human Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Behavioral neuroscience 2002-06, Vol.116 (3), p.387-396
Main Authors: Moore, Tara L, Killiany, Ronald J, Rosene, Douglas L, Prusty, Somnath, Hollander, William, Moss, Mark B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abstraction
Activity levels. Psychomotricity
Animal
Animal Models
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Brain
Cognition - physiology
Cognition. Intelligence
Cognitive Ability
Concept Formation - physiology
Contingency Management
Disease
Disease Models, Animal
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hypertension
Hypertension - physiopathology
Hypertension - psychology
Intellectual and cognitive abilities
Macaca mulatta
Male
Monkeys
Monkeys & apes
Neurology
Primates
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychomotor activities
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Summary:The effects of chronic, untreated hypertension on executive function were investigated in a nonhuman primate model of hypertensive cerebrovascular disease. Executive function was assessed with the Conceptual Set-Shifting Task (CSST), a task adapted from the human Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Like the WCST, the CSST requires abstraction of a stimulus set, followed by a series of set shifts. Performance on the CSST by 7 young adult monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ) with surgically induced hypertension was compared with that of 6 normotensive monkeys. The hypertensive group was significantly impaired relative to the normotensive group in abstraction and set shifting. Although the neural basis of this impairment is unclear, evidence from studies with humans and monkeys suggests that the prefrontal cortex may be the locus for this effect of hypertension.
ISSN:0735-7044
1939-0084
DOI:10.1037/0735-7044.116.3.387