CMV and blood transfusions

Among the human herpesviruses, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the only one that has assumed significant importance in blood transfusion. Transfusion transmission of CMV (TT‐CMV) to seronegative immunocompromised patients can lead to lethal CMV disease. Studies over the past 30 years have demonstrated that...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reviews in medical virology 2002-07, Vol.12 (4), p.211-219
Main Author: Roback, John D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Child, Preschool
Cytomegalovirus - isolation & purification
Cytomegalovirus Infections - diagnosis
Cytomegalovirus Infections - prevention & control
Cytomegalovirus Infections - transmission
Disinfection - methods
DNA, Viral - analysis
Female
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Miscellaneous
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Pregnancy
Risk Factors
Transfusion Reaction
Viral diseases
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Description
Summary:Among the human herpesviruses, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the only one that has assumed significant importance in blood transfusion. Transfusion transmission of CMV (TT‐CMV) to seronegative immunocompromised patients can lead to lethal CMV disease. Studies over the past 30 years have demonstrated that monocytes latently infected with CMV represent the primary vector for TT‐CMV, and that TT‐CMV can be largely abrogated by transfusing at‐risk patients with either seronegative units or blood filtered to remove white blood cells. However, the small number of cases of breakthrough TT‐CMV that follow transfusion of either seronegative or filtered blood still produce morbidity and mortality. These circumstances have motivated ongoing efforts to provide improved protection from TT‐CMV, including the use of CMV DNA amplification for blood screening, and pathogen inactivation to sterilise all blood components prior to transfusion. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN:1052-9276
1099-1654
DOI:10.1002/rmv.353