Role of glycocalyx in leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion

Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 The binding of fluorescently labeled microspheres (FLMs, 0.1-µm diameter) coated with antibody (1a29) to ICAM-1 was studied in postcapillary venules during topical application of the chemoattractant N -f...

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Published in:American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2002-10, Vol.283 (4), p.H1282-H1291
Main Authors: Mulivor, A. W, Lipowsky, H. H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibody Specificity
Cell Adhesion - drug effects
Cell Adhesion - immunology
Endothelium, Vascular - cytology
Endothelium, Vascular - immunology
Glycocalyx - immunology
Heparin Lyase - pharmacology
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - immunology
Leukocytes - cytology
Male
Microspheres
N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine - pharmacology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Venules - cytology
Venules - immunology
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Summary:Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 The binding of fluorescently labeled microspheres (FLMs, 0.1-µm diameter) coated with antibody (1a29) to ICAM-1 was studied in postcapillary venules during topical application of the chemoattractant N -formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). FLM adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) increased dramatically from 50 to 150   spheres per 100-µm length of venule after superfusion of the mesentery with fMLP and equaled or exceeded levels of leukocyte (WBC) adhesion. Removal of the EC glycocalyx by micropipette infusion of the venule with heparinase increased FLM-EC adhesion to levels attained with fMLP. Subsequent application of fMLP did not increase FLM adhesion further, suggesting that the FLMs saturated all ICAM-1 binding sites. Perfusion with heparinase after suffusion with fMLP significantly increased FLM-EC adhesion above levels attained with fMLP. However, WBC adhesion fell because of possible removal of selectins necessary to maintain WBC rolling at the wall. It is concluded that the glycocalyx serves as a barrier to adhesion and that its shedding during natural activation of ECs may be an essential part of the inflammatory response. endothelium; heparinase; N -formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine
ISSN:0363-6135
1522-1539
DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.00117.2002