Oligosaccharide microarrays for high-throughput detection and specificity assignments of carbohydrate-protein interactions

• Published in: Nature biotechnology 2002-10, Vol.20 (10), p.1011-1017
• Main Authors: Feizi, Ten, Fukui, Shigeyuki, Galustian, Christine, Lawson, Alexander M, Chai, Wengang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agriculture; Animals; Arrays; Bioinformatics; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology; Biomedicine; Biotechnology; Brain - metabolism; Carbohydrates; Carbohydrates - chemistry; Carrier Proteins - chemistry; Chemokines; Chondroitin sulfate; College faculty; Collodion; Cytokines; Glycolipids - chemistry; Glycoproteins; Life Sciences; Ligands; Lipids; Membranes; Molecular Probes - chemical synthesis; Molecular Probes - metabolism; Oligosaccharides - analysis; Oligosaccharides - chemistry; Oligosaccharides - classification; Polysaccharides - analysis; Polysaccharides - metabolism; Protein Array Analysis - instrumentation; Protein Array Analysis - methods; Protein Binding; Proteins; Proteins - chemistry; Rabbits; Receptors, Cell Surface; Relative abundance; Reproducibility of Results; Saccharides; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sulfates
• ISSN: 1087-0156; 1546-1696
• DOI: 10.1038/nbt735

We describe microarrays of oligosaccharides as neoglycolipids and their robust display on nitrocellulose. The arrays are sourced from glycoproteins, glycolipids, proteoglycans, polysaccharides, whole organs, or from chemically synthesized oligosaccharides. We show that carbohydrate-recognizing proteins single out their ligands not only in arrays of homogeneous oligosaccharides but also in arrays of heterogeneous oligosaccharides. Initial applications have revealed new findings, including: (i) among O -glycans in brain, a relative abundance of the Lewis x sequence based on N -acetyllactosamine recognized by anti-L5, and a paucity of the Lewis x sequence based on poly- N -acetyllactosamine recognized by anti-SSEA-1; (ii) insights into chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharides recognized by an antiserum and an antibody (CS-56) to chondroitin sulfates; and (iii) binding of the cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the chemokine RANTES to sulfated sequences such as HNK-1, sulfo-Lewis x , and sulfo-Lewis a , in addition to glycosaminoglycans. The approach opens the way for discovering new carbohydrate-recognizing proteins in the proteome and for mapping the repertoire of carbohydrate recognition structures in the glycome.