Invasive pneumococcal disease in the Northern Territory of Australia, 1994–1998

ObjectiveTo examine the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the Northern Territory of Australia as a basis for optimising vaccination and healthcare provision. DesignProspective laboratory surveillance, with information collected from hospital and clinic records. SettingNorthern T...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical journal of Australia 2000-10, Vol.173 (S2), p.S27-S31
Main Authors: Krause, Vicki L, Reid, Susan J C, Merianos, Angela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Aged
Child
Child, Preschool
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Medical Indigency
Middle Aged
Northern Territory - epidemiology
Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology
Pneumococcal Infections - mortality
Pneumococcal Infections - prevention & control
Pneumococcal Vaccines
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
Rural Health
Serotyping
Streptococcus pneumoniae - classification
Urban Health
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Summary:ObjectiveTo examine the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the Northern Territory of Australia as a basis for optimising vaccination and healthcare provision. DesignProspective laboratory surveillance, with information collected from hospital and clinic records. SettingNorthern Territory (NT) and rural communities in north‐west South Australia served by an NT hospital, 1994–1998 (NT population is 27% Indigenous). Main outcome measuresIPD incidence and mortality, risk factors, clinical presentation and disease‐causing serotypes in Indigenous and non‐Indigenous people. Results425 cases of IPD were detected, with 77% in Indigenous people. IPD incidence was highest in Indigenous children aged < 2 years (1534 per 100000 in central Australia), but about 100 per 100000 in non‐Indigenous children < 2 years and all Indigenous age groups aged ≥ 15 years. Mean ages of those with disease were 39 years in Indigenous people and 48 years in non‐Indigenous people (P = 0.006) and, of those who died, 41 and 53 years, respectively (P = 0.04). IPD risk factors were present in 72% of Indigenous and 55% of non‐Indigenous patients aged ≥ 2 years. Serotype results for 363 isolates showed that the 23‐valent vaccine covered 68% and 85% of isolates from Indigenous and non‐Indigenous people aged ≥ 2 years, respectively, while the proposed seven‐, nine‐ and 11‐valent conjugate vaccines covered 58%, 66% and 67% of isolates, respectively, from Indigenous children aged
ISSN:0025-729X
1326-5377
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2000.tb139410.x