Surface flow (SF) treatment wetlands as a habitat for wildlife and humans

Water quality improvement is generally the primary objective of treatment wetlands. Creation of wildlife habitat is an inevitable outcome of these projects. However, an increasing number of treatment wetland projects have been purposely designed and operated to enhance their beneficial utility to wi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2001-01, Vol.44 (11-12), p.27-37
Main Authors: KNIGHT, R. L, CLARKE, R. A, BASTIAN, R. K
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Animals, Wild
Applied sciences
Biological and medical sciences
Biological treatment of waters
Biotechnology
Birds
Conservation of Natural Resources
Data
Ecosystem
Engineering
Environment and pollution
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General purification processes
Habitats
Humans
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
North America
Pollution
Pollution control
Quality control
Recreation
Surface flow
USA
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Wastewaters
Water
Water quality
Water Supply
Water treatment and pollution
Wetlands
Wildlife habitats
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Summary:Water quality improvement is generally the primary objective of treatment wetlands. Creation of wildlife habitat is an inevitable outcome of these projects. However, an increasing number of treatment wetland projects have been purposely designed and operated to enhance their beneficial utility to wildlife and humans. This trend to multi-purpose treatment wetlands has broadened the basis for assessing the advantages of this natural treatment alternative. There are at least 21 treatment wetlands in the U.S. that were implemented with wildlife habitat creation and/or human use as principal goals. A number of treatment wetlands outside the U.S. also share these priorities. Hundreds of other wetlands have collected and reported quantitative data on wildlife and/or human uses. The North American Treatment Wetland Database (NADB) has been expanded to include critical wildlife habitat and human use data. This paper provides a preliminary inventory of these habitat and human use treatment wetlands, summarizes lessons learned, and identifies additional data needs.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2001.0806