Structure and solution properties of tamarind-seed polysaccharide

The major polysaccharide in tamarind seed is a galactoxyloglucan for which the ratios galactose:xylose:glucose are 1:2.25:2.8. A minor polysaccharide (2–3%) contains branched (1 → 5)-α- l-arabinofuranan and unbranched (1 → 4)-β- d-galactopyranan features. Small-angle X-ray scattering experiments gav...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Carbohydrate research 1991-07, Vol.214 (2), p.299-314
Main Authors: Gidley, Michael J., Lillford, Peter J., Rowlands, David W., Lang, Peter, Dentini, Mariella, Crescenzi, Vittorio, Edwards, Mary, Fanutti, Cristina, Grant Reid, J.S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADDITIF ALIMENTAIRE
ADITIVOS ALIMENTARIOS
Analysis of complex biological substances
Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry
Biological and medical sciences
Carbohydrate Conformation
Carbohydrate Sequence
CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES
FOOD ADDITIVES
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Glucans
GRAINE
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Molecular Sequence Data
Plants - chemistry
Plants and fungi
POLISACARIDOS
POLYHOLOSIDE
POLYSACCHARIDES
Polysaccharides - chemistry
PROPIEDADES FISICO-QUIMICAS
PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE
SEEDS
SEMILLA
TAMARINDUS INDICA
Viscosity
Xylans
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Summary:The major polysaccharide in tamarind seed is a galactoxyloglucan for which the ratios galactose:xylose:glucose are 1:2.25:2.8. A minor polysaccharide (2–3%) contains branched (1 → 5)-α- l-arabinofuranan and unbranched (1 → 4)-β- d-galactopyranan features. Small-angle X-ray scattering experiments gave values for the cross-sectional radius of the polymer in aqueous solution that were typical of single-stranded molecules. Marked stiffness of the chain ( C ∞ 110) was deduced from static light-scattering studies and is ascribed partially to the restriction of the motion of the (1 → 4)-β- d-glucan backbone by its extensive (∼ 80%) glycosylaton. The rigidity of the polymer caused significant draining effects, which heavily influenced the hydrodynamic behaviour. The dependence of “zero-shear” viscosity on concentration was used to characterise “dilute” and “semi-dilute” concentration regimes. The marked dependence on concentration in the “semi-dilute” region was similar to that for other stiff neutral polysaccharide systems, ascribed to “hyperentanglements”, and it is suggested that these may have arisen through a tenuous alignment of stiffened chains.
ISSN:0008-6215
1873-426X
DOI:10.1016/0008-6215(91)80037-N