Gender-Related Differences in Clinical and Pathological Characteristics and Therapy of Bladder Cancer
Objective: To confirm the very high male:female ratios previously observed among Spanish bladder cancer patients and to assess gender differences in tumoral characteristics, diagnostic procedures, and treatment in a large series of consecutive bladder cancer patients. Patients and Methods: All newly...
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Published in: | European urology 2003, Vol.43 (1), p.53-62 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
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Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Objective:
To confirm the very high male:female ratios previously observed among Spanish bladder cancer patients and to assess gender differences in tumoral characteristics, diagnostic procedures, and treatment in a large series of consecutive bladder cancer patients.
Patients and Methods:
All newly diagnosed bladder cancer patients (
n=615) in 17 Spanish hospitals, between 1997–2000, were included. Information was collected both through personal interviews to patients and from medical records using a structured form.
Results:
Seventy-six percent of tumours were superficial. The male:female ratio was 6.7 and it was similar for superficial and infiltrating tumours. Women were older than men at the diagnosis of bladder cancer (68.2±9.4 years versus 65.7±9.7 years,
p=0.01). Ten percent of superficial tumours in women, versus 3% in men, were classified as “other histological types” (
p=0.008). T1GIII tumours were more frequent among men (17% versus 7%,
p=0.047). On the other hand, women were more likely to present with 0a-stage tumours (48.6% versus 35.5%,
p=0.04), multiple tumours (50% versus 29%, trend test: 0.005), multi-centric tumours (54% versus 38%,
p=0.019), and larger infiltrating masses (5.2
cm versus 3.8
cm,
p=0.03) than men. Among 0a-stage tumours, only 23% of women compared to 54% of men received transurethral resection (TUR) alone (
p=0.002). Women were almost five-fold more likely to receive additional therapies to TUR (
p=0.004) after adjusting for age, geographical area, stage, tumoral size, nuclear grade, and multiplicity.
Conclusion:
The study confirms the very high male:female ratio of bladder cancer in Spain. We found substantial differences in the pathological characteristics of tumours from men and women. There was a tendency for women to receive more frequently non-standard, more aggressive, therapy than men. |
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ISSN: | 0302-2838 1873-7560 |
DOI: | 10.1016/S0302-2838(02)00496-7 |