Effect of high-intensity hypoxic training on sea-level swimming performances

1  Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75231; and 2  Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands The o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2003-02, Vol.94 (2), p.733-743
Main Authors: Truijens, M. J, Toussaint, H. M, Dow, J, Levine, B. D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Altitude
Anaerobiosis
Biological and medical sciences
Effects
Exercise
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heart Rate
Humans
Hypoxia - physiopathology
Male
Middle Aged
Oxygen Consumption
Physical Education and Training - methods
Space life sciences
Swimming
Swimming - physiology
Time Factors
Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports
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Summary:1  Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75231; and 2  Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that high-intensity hypoxic training improves sea-level performances more than equivalent training in normoxia. Sixteen well-trained collegiate and Masters swimmers (10 women, 6 men) completed a 5-wk training program, consisting of three high-intensity training sessions in a flume and supplemental low- or moderate-intensity sessions in a pool each week. Subjects were matched for gender, performance level, and training history, and they were assigned to either hypoxic [Hypo; inspired O2 fraction (F I O 2 ) = 15.3%, equivalent to a simulated altitude of 2,500 m] or normoxic (Norm; F I O 2  = 20.9%) interval training in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. All pool training occurred under Norm conditions. The primary performance measures were 100- and 400-m freestyle time trials. Laboratory outcomes included maximal O 2 uptake ( O 2 max ), anaerobic capacity (accumulated O 2 deficit), and swimming economy. Significant ( P  = 0.02 and
ISSN:8750-7587
1522-1601
DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00079.2002