Lifestyle Intervention of Hypocaloric Dieting and Walking Reduces Abdominal Obesity and Improves Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in Obese, Postmenopausal, African-American and Caucasian Women

Background. There are few empirical data to support the claim that weight loss improves coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in postmenopausal women; nor is it known if there are racial differences in changes of body fat distribution, lipids, glucose tolerance, and blood pressure with weight lo...

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Published in:The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2003-02, Vol.58 (2), p.M181-M189
Main Authors: Nicklas, Barbara J., Dennis, Karen E., Berman, Dora M., Sorkin, John, Ryan, Alice S., Goldberg, Andrew P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Aged
Anaerobic Threshold
Black or African American
Black People
Blood Chemical Analysis
Blood Glucose - analysis
Blood Pressure Determination
Body Composition - physiology
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular disease
Cohort Studies
Coronary Disease - ethnology
Coronary Disease - prevention & control
Diet
Diet, Reducing
Energy Metabolism
Exercise
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Health risk assessment
Humans
Intervention
Life Style
Lifestyles
Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis
Obesity
Obesity - ethnology
Obesity - prevention & control
Physical Fitness - physiology
Postmenopause
Probability
Walking - physiology
White People
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Summary:Background. There are few empirical data to support the claim that weight loss improves coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in postmenopausal women; nor is it known if there are racial differences in changes of body fat distribution, lipids, glucose tolerance, and blood pressure with weight loss. This study determined the efficacy of a lifestyle weight loss intervention in reducing total and abdominal obesity and improving CHD risk factors in obese Caucasian and African-American postmenopausal women. Methods. Body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), abdominal fat areas (computed tomography scan), lipoprotein lipids, insulin, glucose tolerance, and blood pressure were measured before and after 6 months of hypocaloric diet and low-intensity walking in 76 overweight or obese (body mass index > 25 kg/m2), Caucasian (72%) or African-American (28%), postmenopausal (age = 60 ± 5 years) women who completed the study. Results. Absolute amount of body weight lost was similar in Caucasians (−5.4 ± 3.6 kg) and African Americans (−3.9 ± 3.6 kg), but Caucasian women lost relatively more fat mass (p
ISSN:1079-5006
1758-535X
DOI:10.1093/gerona/58.2.M181