Anticancer Activity of Novel Plant Extracts from Trailliaedoxa gracilis (W. W. Smith & Forrest) in Human Carcinoid KRJ-I Cells

• Published in: Anticancer research 2010-01, Vol.30 (1), p.55-64
• Main Authors: SVEJDA, Bernhard, AGUIRIANO-MOSER, Victor, STURM, Sonja, HÖGER, Harald, INGOLIC, Elisabeth, SIEGL, Veronika, STUPPNER, Hermann, PFRAGNER, Roswitha
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Carcinoid Tumor - drug therapy; Carcinoid Tumor - pathology; Caspase 3 - metabolism; Caspase 7 - metabolism; Cell Growth Processes - drug effects; Cell Line, Tumor; Female; Fibroblasts - cytology; Fibroblasts - drug effects; Fibroblasts - enzymology; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms - drug therapy; Intestinal Neoplasms - pathology; Intestine, Small - pathology; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, SCID; Neuroendocrine Tumors - drug therapy; Neuroendocrine Tumors - pathology; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Rubiaceae - chemistry; Tumors; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
• ISSN: 0250-7005; 1791-7530

Background: Small intestinal (SI) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms derived from neuroendocrine cells presenting distinct clinical symptoms according to the ability to secrete neuroamines. Nevertheless, many are asymptomatic and misdiagnosed. As response rates to chemotherapy are low, surgery remains the only effective treatment. Because many tumors have metastasized at the time of diagnosis, curative surgery is rarely achieved. Consequently, a substantial need for new therapeutic options has emerged. Materials and Methods: The effects of novel plant extracts from Trailliaedoxa gracilis (W.W. Smith & Forrest) were investigated in the SI-NET cell line KRJ-I and in KRJ-I transplanted mice. Proliferation and viability were analyzed using cell counting and WST-1 cell proliferation assay. Apoptosis was determined by DAPI staining and electron microscopy, and quantified by luminescence assays for caspases 3/7, 6, 8, 9 and 2. Results: Extracts of Trailliaedoxa gracilis showed a dose-dependent reduction of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in the KRJ-I cells. Normal fibroblasts were not impaired. Tumor growth inhibition was also observed in heterotransplanted SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) mice. Conclusion: The in vitro and in vivo outcomes suggest a potential clinical effect of Trailliaedoxa gracilis in SI-NETs.