A Mass Spectrometric Validated High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Procedure for the Determination of Folates in Foods

• Published in: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003-06, Vol.51 (13), p.3726-3730
• Main Authors: Pawlosky, Robert J, Flanagan, Vincent P, Doherty, Robert F
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: anion exchange; Biological and medical sciences; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods; fluorescence; folic acid; Folic Acid - analysis; Food Analysis - methods; Food industries; frozen foods; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; high performance liquid chromatography; ionization; liver; mass spectrometry; Methods of analysis, processing and quality control, regulation, standards; solid phase extraction; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; swine; Tetrahydrofolates - analysis; variance
• ISSN: 0021-8561; 1520-5118
• DOI: 10.1021/jf034017n

A series of five food reference materials (RM) that had certified values of folate concentrations and five frozen food samples were analyzed for 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHFA) and folic acid (FA) using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection that was validated using an HPLC mass spectrometry (MS) method with electrospray ionization. Identical sample specimens were extracted and analyzed in triplicate using both instrumental methods, and a comparison was made of the mean values of 5-MTHFA and FA resulting from these determinations. The analytes were isolated on either a high capacity strong anion exchange solid phase extraction column (HPLC method) or a phenyl Bond Elut column (MS method) prior to analyses. For quantification of the analytes by MS, 13C-labeled 5-MTHFA and FA were added to samples as internal standards prior to enzymatic digestion and conversion of the polyglutamate forms of 5-MTHFA to the monoglutamic acid. Quantification of FA and 5-MTHFA using the HPLC analysis was carried out using external standards. With the exception of one RM (pig liver), the values established for 5-MTHFA using these methods were highly comparable. In determining the variance associated with these two procedures, it was observed that the mean relative standard error for 5-MTHFA was 12 (range, 2−27%) and 11% (range, 5−25%) for the HPLC and MS methods, respectively. FA was detected in only three of the samples, and the values obtained for it by either method were similar. This is the first paper that describes a mass spectrometric method used in the validation of an HPLC determination of food folates across a wide range of sample matrixes. The comparable values for 5-MTHFA and FA suggest that HPLC analysis with fluorescent detection may be used to accurately quantify folates present in a variety of food matrixes. Keywords: Food analysis; 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid; folic acid; mass spectrometry; HPLC; isotope dilution