What Psychosocial Characteristics are Associated with Smoking Cessation Behavior and Readiness to Quit Smoking Among Japanese Male Ever-Smokers with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

• Published in: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 2010, Vol.17(4), pp.361-368
• Main Authors: Morimoto, Akiko, Miyamatsu, Naomi, Okamura, Tomonori, Hozawa, Atsushi, Kadota, Aya, Morinaga, Miho, Ogita, Mihoko, Kashiwagi, Atsunori, Ueshima, Hirotsugu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Attitude to Health; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - psychology; Educational Status; Health Behavior; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Psychosocial characteristics; Readiness to quit smoking; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Smoking - psychology; Smoking Cessation - psychology; Smoking cessation behavior; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 1340-3478; 1880-3873
• DOI: 10.5551/jat.3194

Aim: The relationship between psychosocial characteristics and smoking cessation behavior was examined among Japanese male eversmokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: The psychosocial characteristics and smoking cessation behavior of 441 male ever-smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus were investigated. Personality was assessed using an egogram (five ego states: the Critical Parent, Nurturing Parent, Adult, Free Child, and Adapted Child) and each patient was classified into a high score or low score group based on the median. The current smokers were divided into 2 categories according to their readiness to quit smoking. Results: In multivariate analyses, the ever-smokers with a high Adult score had a lower risk of current smoking (OR=0.67, 95%CI=0.41-0.93), the ever-smokers with a high Free Child score were over 3 times more likely to currently smoke (OR=3.12, 95%CI=1.97-4.97), and the ever-smokers who had a low educational background had a higher risk of current smoking (OR=3.02, 95% CI=1.73-5.28). In addition, the current smokers with a high Adult score had a lower risk of being in the immotive and precontemplation stage (OR=0.55, 95%CI=0.24-0.96). The current smokers who had a low educational background had a higher risk of being in the immotive and precontemplation stage (OR=2.13, 95%CI=1.08-5.42). Conclusion: There is a need to develop a smoking cessation program for patients with high “Free Child” scores and a “low education level”.