Summary of Clinical Trials of Influenza Virus Vaccines in Adults

Trials in approximately 3,900 adults were conducted with influenza A/New Jersey/76, A/Victoria/75, and B/Hong Kong/72 virus vaccines. Subjects were observed following a standard protocol, and serologic testing was performed in a single laboratory. The data indicate that prior experience of the popul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1977-12, Vol.136 (Supplement-3), p.S722-S730
Main Authors: Parkman, Paul D., Hopps, Hope E., Rastogi, Suresh C., Meyer, Harry M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age groups
Antibodies
Antibodies, Viral - biosynthesis
Antigens
Clinical trials
Dosage
Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
England
Erythema - etiology
Fever - etiology
Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
Humans
Immunization
Influenza A virus - immunology
Influenza Vaccines - pharmacology
Middle Aged
New Jersey
Orthomyxoviridae
Placebos
Session V. Summary of Clinical Studies
Sex Factors
Time Factors
Vaccination
Viruses
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Summary:Trials in approximately 3,900 adults were conducted with influenza A/New Jersey/76, A/Victoria/75, and B/Hong Kong/72 virus vaccines. Subjects were observed following a standard protocol, and serologic testing was performed in a single laboratory. The data indicate that prior experience of the population with earlier influenza viruses (“priming”) is a determinant in response to vaccination. Thus, participants older than 25 years showed good serologic response following a single inoculation of A/New Jersey/76 virus, while younger persons responded poorly. Serologic responses to A/Victoria/75 and B/Hong Kongj72 viruses were, in contrast, equally good in the younger and older adults. Whole-virus vaccines were measurably more reactive than split-virus vaccines, a finding more easily discerned in unprimed populations. In the unprimed persons, a single dose of split-virus vaccine was less immunogenic than a single dose of whole-virus vaccine. The presence of preexisting antibodies appeared to reduce systemic reactivity. For adequate immunization of a totally unprimed population, a single relatively large and reactive dose of whole-virus vaccine or two, properly spaced, smaller nonreactive doses of either wholevirus vaccine or split-virus vaccine would be required.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/136.Supplement_3.S722