Biosynthesis of Glycoproteins in the Intestinal Mucosa: II. Influence of Diets

• Published in: Annals of nutrition and metabolism 1981, Vol.25 (5), p.269-280
• Main Authors: Biol, Marie-Claire, Martin, Ambroise, Oehninger, Carlos, Louisot, Pierre, Richard, Michel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Fucosyltransferases - analysis; Glycoproteins - biosynthesis; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Male; Microsomes - enzymology; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains
• ISSN: 0250-6807; 1421-9697
• DOI: 10.1159/000176506

To determine the effect of diets on the biosynthesis of glycoproteins in the intestinal mucosa, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed, ad libitum, high-carbohydrate, high-fat and high-protein diets. In in vivo methodology, the animals from each dietary group received an intraperitoneal injection of [¹⁴C]-fucose, or [¹⁴C]-galactose or [¹⁴C]-glucosamine. Incorporated radioactivity was detected in the different subcellular fractions. In in vitro methodology, five glycosyl-transferases were studied on microsomes and cell sap. In vivo, only the high-fat diet induces a decrease in the incorporation of [¹⁴C]-glucosamine in the macromolecules. In vitro, only the fucosyl-transferase activity is modified by several diets: as compared with an increase in the activity of the control with the age of the animals, high-protein diet induces a slight activation after 2 weeks of diet, while high-carbohydrate and particularly high-fat diets inhibit the enzyme activity. The inhibition is the same when high-fat diet consists of either oil mixture or triolein or oleic acid or linoleic acid and becomes significant with a supplementation rate of 10%.