Greater enhancement of Bacillus subtilis spore yields in submerged cultures by optimization of medium composition through statistical experimental designs

• Published in: Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2010-02, Vol.85 (5), p.1353-1360
• Main Authors: Chen, Zhen-Min, Li, Qing, Liu, Hua-Mei, Yu, Na, Xie, Tian-Jian, Yang, Ming-Yuan, Shen, Ping, Chen, Xiang-Dong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Bacillus subtilis; Bacillus subtilis - growth & development; Bacillus subtilis - physiology; Bacteriological Techniques; Biological and medical sciences; Biological control; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Bioreactors; Biotechnological Products and Process Engineering; Biotechnology; Carbon; Carbon - metabolism; Carbon sources; Corn; Cultivation; Culture Media - chemistry; Dietary Fiber; Experiments; Fermentation; Flour; Food Microbiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glycine max; Life Sciences; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Models, Biological; Models, Statistical; Nitrogen; Nitrogen - metabolism; Optimization; Probiotics; Reagents; Research Design; Soybeans; Spores, Bacterial - physiology; Statistical methods; Studies; Triticum aestivum; Vegetables; Wheat bran; Yeast; Yeasts; Zea mays
• ISSN: 0175-7598; 1432-0614
• DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2162-x

Bacillus subtilis spore preparations are promising probiotics and biocontrol agents, which can be used in plants, animals, and humans. The aim of this work was to optimize the nutritional conditions using a statistical approach for the production of B. subtilis (WHK-Z12) spores. Our preliminary experiments show that corn starch, corn flour, and wheat bran were the best carbon sources. Using Plackett-Burman design, corn steep liquor, soybean flour, and yeast extract were found to be the best nitrogen source ingredients for enhancing spore production and were studied for further optimization using central composite design. The key medium components in our optimization medium were 16.18 g/l of corn steep liquor, 17.53 g/l of soybean flour, and 8.14 g/l of yeast extract. The improved medium produced spores as high as [graphic removed] under flask cultivation conditions, and [graphic removed] could be achieved in a 30-l fermenter after 40 h of cultivation. To the best of our knowledge, these results compared favorably to the documented spore yields produced by B. subtilis strains.