Differences in TMS-evoked responses between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls can be observed without a dedicated EEG system

• Published in: Clinical neurophysiology 2010-03, Vol.121 (3), p.332-339
• Main Authors: Levit-Binnun, Nava, Litvak, Vladimir, Pratt, Hillel, Moses, Elisha, Zaroor, Menashe, Peled, Avi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Algorithms; Biological and medical sciences; Brain - physiopathology; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Diagnosis, Differential; EEG; Electrodiagnosis. Electric activity recording; Electroencephalography - methods; ERP; Evoked potentials; Evoked Potentials - physiology; Female; Humans; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Male; Medical sciences; Nervous system; Neurology; Predictive Value of Tests; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Psychoses; Reference Values; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenia - diagnosis; Schizophrenia - physiopathology; Sensitivity and Specificity; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; TMS; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - methods; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1388-2457; 1872-8952
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.10.035

Abstract Objective The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) has been hampered by the large artifact that the TMS generates in the EEG. Using TMS with EEG necessitates a sophisticated artifact-resistant EEG system that can acquire reliable signals in the crucial several tens of milliseconds immediately following the TMS pulse. Here, we demonstrate the use of a novel artifact removal algorithm together with a 24-bit EEG system to achieve similar recordings as those obtained with the dedicated TMS-compatible EEG system. Methods This setup was used to compare TMS-evoked responses between a group of healthy controls and a group of patients with schizophrenia, a condition in which effective neural connectivity is thought to be compromised. Results We observe differences in TMS-evoked responses between the two groups, similar to those recently reported in a study that used a dedicated TMS-compatible EEG system. Conclusions The standard 24-bit EEG system combined with an artifact removal algorithm produces results similar to the dedicated TMS-compatible system. Significance This paves the way for more researchers and clinicians to use TMS-evoked responses for research and diagnosis of a wide spectrum of disorders.