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The development of a sub-3 litre/100 km passenger car

Advanced three-cylinder 12 valve turbocharged direct injection diesel engines were installed in three specially prepared lightweight, low drag Ford Ka cars. The objective was to demonstrate 3.0 litres per 100 km fuel economy over the EC stage II drive cycle and to look at the sensitivity of vehicle...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part D, Journal of automobile engineering Journal of automobile engineering, 2000-01, Vol.214 (8), p.827-837
Main Authors: DEACON, M, HORROCKS, R. W, WATTS, M. J
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Advanced three-cylinder 12 valve turbocharged direct injection diesel engines were installed in three specially prepared lightweight, low drag Ford Ka cars. The objective was to demonstrate 3.0 litres per 100 km fuel economy over the EC stage II drive cycle and to look at the sensitivity of vehicle fuel economy with respect to weight, gear ratios, rolling resistance and aerodynamic drag. The engine efficiency was optimized around the low speed, part load area. Two vehicles were fitted with manual five-speed transmissions, with optimized gear and final drive ratios, and a third with an electronic constantly variable transmission (CVT). The best experimental results achieved were 3.1 litres per 100 km with manual transmission and 3.3 litres per 100 km for CVT. At the very low inertia classes used in this exercise, the effects of transmission ratios, rolling resistance, aerodynamic drag and automatic engine stop start were found to be more dominant than the effect of weight on fuel consumption. (Original abstract - amended)
ISSN:0954-4070
2041-2991
DOI:10.1243/0954407001527871