Pathogens and Predictors of Fatal Septicemia Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Ivory Coast, West Africa

In East Africa, bacteremia is more common in hospitalized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type I-positive than -negative patients. In 1991, blood cultures and clinical and laboratory data were obtained from 319 patients in Ivory Coast, where both HIV-l and -2 infections occur. Forty-three bacteri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1993-09, Vol.168 (3), p.564-570
Main Authors: Vugia, Due J., Kiehlbauch, Julia A., Yeboue, Kouadio, N'Gbichi, Jean M., Lacina, Diaby, Maran, Mathieu, Gondo, Michel, Kouadio, Kouakou, Kadio, Auguste, Lucas, Sebastian B., Kestens, Luc, Crawford, Jack T., Wells, Joy G., Brattegaard, Kari, De Cock, Kevin M., Griffin, Patricia M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
AIDS
AIDS/HIV
Bacteremia
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Biological and medical sciences
Blood
Cote d'Ivoire - epidemiology
Developed countries
Drug Resistance, Microbial
Female
Fungi - isolation & purification
HIV
HIV 1
HIV Seropositivity - complications
HIV-2
human immunodeficiency virus 1
human immunodeficiency virus 2
Humans
Immunodeficiencies
Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies
Immunopathology
Infections
Major Articles
Male
Medical sciences
Mycobacterium bovis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Pathogens
Prognosis
Salmonella enteritidis
Sepsis
Sepsis - complications
Sepsis - microbiology
Sepsis - mortality
Tropical medicine
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Description
Summary:In East Africa, bacteremia is more common in hospitalized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type I-positive than -negative patients. In 1991, blood cultures and clinical and laboratory data were obtained from 319 patients in Ivory Coast, where both HIV-l and -2 infections occur. Forty-three bacterial, 10 mycobacterial, and 8 fungal pathogens were isolated from blood of 54 patients (17%). Pathogens isolated significantly (P â©˝ .05) more frequently from HIV-positive than -negative patients were nonmycobacterial bacteria, particularly Salmonella enteritidis; mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Mycobacterium bovis; and yeast or fungus. HIV-l or -2 positivity was associated with a 3-fold increased risk for septicemia (P < .02). HIV-positive patients with fever or with lymphocyte counts < 1000 were more likely to be septicemic than those without these characteristics. Mortality increased significantly with HIV positivity (40% vs. 14%, P < .001) and, among HIV-positive patients, with having pathogens isolated from blood (63% vs. 33%, P < .001).
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/168.3.564