Assessment of the genotoxicity of three cryoprotectants used for human oocyte vitrification: Dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol

Vitrification requires high concentrations of cryoprotectants that may induce long-term toxic effects on cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible genotoxicity of three cryoprotectants extensively used for oocyte vitrification: dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG) and prop...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food and chemical toxicology 2010-07, Vol.48 (7), p.1905-1912
Main Authors: Aye, M., Di Giorgio, C., De Mo, M., Botta, A., Perrin, J., Courbiere, B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cells, Cultured
Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases
CHO
CHO Cells
Comet Assay
Cricetinae
Cricetulus
Cryopreservation
Cryoprotective Agents - toxicity
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl Sulfoxide - toxicity
DNA - genetics
DNA Damage
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene Glycols - toxicity
Female
Genotoxicity
Humans
Indicators and Reagents
Medical sciences
Micronucleus Tests
Mutagenicity Tests
Mutagens
Oocyte Donation
Preservation, Biological
Propylene glycol
Propylene Glycol - toxicity
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Solvents
Toxicology
Vitrification
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Summary:Vitrification requires high concentrations of cryoprotectants that may induce long-term toxic effects on cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible genotoxicity of three cryoprotectants extensively used for oocyte vitrification: dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG) and propylene glycol (PROH). For this purpose, a Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line (CHO), commonly used in genetic toxicology, was selected as an in vitro biological model to assess both the induction of DNA strand-breaks as identifiable by the alkaline comet assay and the persistence of chromosomal damages (micronuclei) as analyzed by the micronucleus assay. Results showed that DMSO was not genotoxic. EG did not exert direct genotoxic activity, however EG exhibited significant genotoxic and clastogenic activities in the presence of an external cytochrome-based P450 oxidation system (S9 Mix). PrOH produced in vitro DNA-damage leading to chromosome mutations in the presence and absence of the S9 Mix. These results showed that high concentrations of EG and PrOH could induce in vitro chromosomal damage in eukaryotic cells.
ISSN:0278-6915
1873-6351
DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2010.04.032