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Blood transfusion: Yesterday, today, and tomorrow

The evolution of blood transfusion practice into modern transfusion medicine is reported. The impact of great wars on the technique of blood storage and organization of blood supply is discussed. The progress of immunotechnology and fractionation of plasma contributed greatly to contemporary transfu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of surgery 1987-02, Vol.11 (1), p.86-93
Main Author: Rudowski, Witold J.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The evolution of blood transfusion practice into modern transfusion medicine is reported. The impact of great wars on the technique of blood storage and organization of blood supply is discussed. The progress of immunotechnology and fractionation of plasma contributed greatly to contemporary transfusion medicine and the implementation of blood and plasma component therapy. Three basic indications for use of blood in surgery are summarized: restoration of acute loss of circulating blood volume, improvement of oxygen transport, and delivery and correction of coagulation disorders. Some factors arising from storage lesion of blood (citrate intoxication, 2,3‐DPG depletion, cellular aggregates) are described. The recent research in blood transfusion refers particularly to red cell substitutes. The oxygen‐carrying solutions, perfluorocarbons, stroma‐free hemoglobin, and current research on artificial red cells are discussed. The in vitro culturing, recombinant DNA technology, and the practical application of monoclonal antibodies in clinical practice are emphasized. The advent of great technological advances in transfusion medicine makes it possible to predict several future developments. Blood will be substituted by oxygen carriers, human protein and cells by biotechnological and genetic engineering. The education of tomorrow's surgeons must be adapted to the recent progress and advances of transfusion medicine. Résumé L'évolution de la transfusion sanguine dans la pratique médicale moderne est rapportée. L'impact des grandes guerres sur la technique de conservation du sang et l'organisation de l'approvisionnement du sang sont discutés. Les progrès de l'immunotechnologie et du fractionnement des composants plasmatiques ont contribué à l'établisement de la transfusion moderne et à la mise en oeuvre du traitement par les constituants plasmatiques. Les indications majeures de la transfusion en chirurgie sont au nombre de trois: restauration immédiate de toute perte rapide et abondante du sang circulant, amélioration du transport de l'oxygène, correction des troubles de la coagulation. Quelques faits anormaux imputables à la conservation du sang (intoxication citratée, agrégats de cellules, déplétion du 2,3‐DPG érythrocytaire) sont décrits. La recherche récente concernant la transfusion sanguine est consacrée particulièrement à l'étude des substituts érythrocytaires. Les solutions transportant l'oxygène, le perfluorocarbone, la SFHS, les hématies artificielles sont
ISSN:0364-2313
1432-2323
DOI:10.1007/BF01658466