Incidence and Predictors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Seroconversion in Patients Attending Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics in India

The first estimates of the seroincidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and of the risk factors for seroconversion in a cohort of high-risk patients attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in India are reported. Between 1993 and 1995, 851 HIV-1-seronegative persons were...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1995-12, Vol.172 (6), p.1486-1491
Main Authors: Mehendale, Sanjay M., Rodrigues, Jeanette J., Brookmeyer, Ronald S., Gangakhedkar, Raman R., Divekar, Anand D., Gokhale, Manjusha R., Risbud, Arun R., Paranjape, Ramesh S., Shepherd, Mary E., Rompalo, Ann E., Sule, Rajiv R., Tolat, Sunil N., Jadhav, Vijay D., Quinn, Thomas C., Bollinger, Robert C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
AIDS
AIDS/HIV
Biological and medical sciences
Disease risk
Female
Genitalia
HIV
HIV 1
HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology
HIV-1 - immunology
human immunodeficiency virus 1
Humans
Immunodeficiencies
Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies
Immunopathology
Incidence
India - epidemiology
Major Articles
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Predisposing factors
Risk Factors
Sexually transmitted diseases
Sexually Transmitted Diseases - complications
Tropical medicine
Ulcers
Urethritis
Uterine cervicitis
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Summary:The first estimates of the seroincidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and of the risk factors for seroconversion in a cohort of high-risk patients attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in India are reported. Between 1993 and 1995, 851 HIV-1-seronegative persons were evaluated prospectivelyevery 3 months for HIV infection and biologic and behavioral characteristics. The overall incidence of HIV-1 was 10.21100 person-years (95% confidence interval, 7.9–13.1). The incidence among commercial sex workers (CSWs) was 26.11100 person-years, compared with 8.4 among non-CSWs. Recurrent genital ulcer disease and urethritis or cervicitis during the follow-up period were independently associated with a 7- (P < .001) and 3-fold (P = .06) increased risk of HIV-1 seroconversion, respectively. Because of the association of recurrent ulcerative and nonulcerative STDs with HIV-1 seroconversion in this setting, behavioral and biologic measures directed at the prevention and control of STDs would be expected to greatly reduce the transmission of HIV-1 infection in similar high-risk groups.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/172.6.1486