Level-of-Processing Effects in Word-Completion Priming: A Neuropsychological Study

Recent reviews ( A. S. Brown & D. B. Mitchell, 1994 ; B. Challis & D. R. Brodbeck, 1992 ) concluded that level-of-processing (LOP) manipulations affect priming in perceptual tasks, contrary to earlier suggestions that such tasks are insensitive to LOP. In 3 experiments with amnesic patients...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition memory, and cognition, 1996-07, Vol.22 (4), p.933-947
Main Authors: Hamann, Stephan B, Squire, Larry R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Amnesia
Amnesia - diagnosis
Amnesia - psychology
Attention
Brain Damage, Chronic - diagnosis
Brain Damage, Chronic - psychology
Cognition & reasoning
Diencephalon - pathology
Female
Hippocampus - pathology
Human
Human Information Storage
Humans
Language
Male
Memory
Mental Recall
Middle Aged
Neuropsychological Tests
Paired-Associate Learning
Priming
Psychology
Retention (Psychology)
Semantics
Word Recognition
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Summary:Recent reviews ( A. S. Brown & D. B. Mitchell, 1994 ; B. Challis & D. R. Brodbeck, 1992 ) concluded that level-of-processing (LOP) manipulations affect priming in perceptual tasks, contrary to earlier suggestions that such tasks are insensitive to LOP. In 3 experiments with amnesic patients and control subjects, the authors examined the effect of LOP manipulations on priming in word-stem and word-fragment completion and on recognition memory. Amnesic patients exhibited reduced or near-zero LOP effects in word-completion priming compared with control subjects. LOP affected recognition memory for both amnesic patients and control subjects, confirming that the LOP manipulation affected explicit memory. When the effect of explicit retrieval on control performance was reduced by using a low-level encoding task, priming was the same for amnesic patients and control subjects. The authors suggest that LOP effects in word-completion priming tasks reflect the influence of explicit retrieval, which can be used usefully by control subjects but much less so by amnesic patients.
ISSN:0278-7393
1939-1285
DOI:10.1037/0278-7393.22.4.933