Cerebral metastases in childhood malignancies

• Published in: Acta neurochirurgica 1997-01, Vol.139 (3), p.182-187
• Main Authors: Tasdemiroglu, E, Patchell, R A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Age; Brain; Brain Neoplasms - diagnosis; Brain Neoplasms - mortality; Brain Neoplasms - secondary; Brain Neoplasms - surgery; Cerebellum; Chemotherapy; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Combined Modality Therapy; Craniotomy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Malignancy; Metastases; Neurosurgery; Pediatrics; Prognosis; Radiation therapy; Radiotherapy; Skull; Surgery; Survival; Survival Rate; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tumors
• ISSN: 0001-6268; 0942-0940
• DOI: 10.1007/BF01844748

Between January 1982 to June 1994, 154 children with non-CNS malignant tumours excluding leukaemias and lymphomas were admitted and treated at the UKMC. Symptomatic (10 cases; 6.5%) and non-symptomatic (2 cases; 1.2%) cranial metastases (calvarial, dural and/or parenchymal) were seen in 12 (7.8%) cases. Among these 12 cases, 7 had intracranial parenchymal metastases (4.5%). Three cases had multiple intracranial parenchymal metastases. Only one case had infratentorial (cerebellar) metastasis. The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 18 years (mean age was 7.3 years). The male:female ratio was 5:2. While six patients' brain metastases diagnosed during subsequent relapses, one patient first presented with brain metastasis. Time elapsed between the diagnosis of the primary disease and intracranial metastasis ranged from 0 to 755 days (mean 327 days). Histopathological diagnoses were confirmed in 4 cases who had craniotomy and tumour removal. Mean survival following the diagnosis of intracranial lesion was 157 days (ranged from 0 to 412 days). Despite the aggressive treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, 6 cases died with progression or relapse of the intracranial disease. In conclusion, the incidence of paediatric intracranial parenchymal metastasis is 4.5%. Prognosis is poor and intracranial disease is the primary cause of death.