Effect of smoking cessation on lipoprotein A-I and lipoprotein A-I:A-II levels

• Published in: Metabolism, clinical and experimental clinical and experimental, 1997-06, Vol.46 (6), p.711-715
• Main Authors: Richard, F., Marécaux, N., Dallongeville, J., Devienne, M., Tiem, N., Fruchart, J.C., Fantino, M., Zylberberg, G., Amouyel, R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Apolipoprotein A-II - blood; Apolipoproteins B - blood; Biological and medical sciences; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol - blood; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Counseling; Female; Humans; Lipoprotein(a) - analogs & derivatives; Lipoprotein(a) - blood; Male; Medical sciences; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Smoking - blood; Smoking Cessation; Socioeconomic Factors; Tobacco, tobacco smoking; Toxicology; Triglycerides - blood
• ISSN: 0026-0495; 1532-8600
• DOI: 10.1016/S0026-0495(97)90018-4

Cigarette smoking is associated with low plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I levels, which may explain, in part, its deleterious effects on coronary heart disease (CHD). In a group of ex-smokers, we assessed the influence of smoking cessation on apo A-I particle levels. Plasma lipid, apolipoprotein, and lipoparticle concentrations of 58 subjects who had completely stopped smoking (ex-smokers) were compared with those of 37 subjects who had continued smoking (smokers) before and after a smoking cessation counseling program. Nutritional intake was recorded before and after the program to adjust for potential interaction with plasma lipid variables. Smokers and ex-smokers were similar in gender distribution, age, body mass index (BMI), social status, and nutrient intake. There were significantly greater increases in total cholesterol ( P < .04), HDL-C ( P < .005), HDL 2-C ( P < .008), and lipoprotein (Lp) A-I:A-II ( P < .04) in ex-smokers than in smokers. After smoking cessation, ex-smokers consumed more vegetable protein ( P < .02) and polysaccharides ( P < .04) and had higher plasma levels of HDL-C ( P < .0004), apo A-I ( P < .001), Lp A-I ( P < .007), and Lp A-I:A-II ( P < .01) than smokers. Adjustments on nutritional variables did not show any additional difference between ex-smokers and smokers, suggesting that smoking per se affects Lp A-I and Lp A-I:A-II levels. In conclusion, HDL particles including Lp A-I and Lp A-I:A-II are higher in ex-smokers than in smokers.