Clinical Relevance of Parvovirus B19 as a Cause of Anemia in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Parvovirus B19 (B19) DNAwas detected by dot blot hybridization in sera from 5 (17%) of 30 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with hematocrits (HCT) of ⩽24 and 4 (31%) of 13 HIV-infected patients with HCT of ⩽20, suggesting that B19 is a reasonably common cause of severe anemia in H...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1997-07, Vol.176 (1), p.269-273
Main Authors: Abkowitz, Janis L., Brown, Kevin E., Wood, Robert W., Kovach, Nicholas L., Green, Spencer W., Young, Neal S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
AIDS
AIDS/HIV
Anemia
Anemia - etiology
Biological and medical sciences
Bone marrow
Child
Concise Communications
Erythema Infectiosum - complications
Hematocrit
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
human immunodeficiency virus
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infections
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Parvovirus
parvovirus B19
Plasma cells
Polymerase chain reaction
Prospective Studies
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
Viremia
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Summary:Parvovirus B19 (B19) DNAwas detected by dot blot hybridization in sera from 5 (17%) of 30 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with hematocrits (HCT) of ⩽24 and 4 (31%) of 13 HIV-infected patients with HCT of ⩽20, suggesting that B19 is a reasonably common cause of severe anemia in HIVinfection. The anemia promptly remitted after immunoglobulin therapy in 3 of 4 treated patients. The presence of IgM to B19, the clinical circumstance in which anemia developed, and the marrow morphology were poor predictors of chronic B19 infection. DNA hybridization studies of sera from 191 HIV-infected and 117 HIV-seronegative homosexual males attending a clinic in the Seattle area revealed that 1 (0.5%) and 2 (2%) samples, respectively, from the 2 groups contained B19. However, when assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 5% of the serum samples from HIVinfected persons and 9% from uninfected persons contained B19, although each had an HCT of ⩾40. The data argue that anemia results from chronic high-titer B19 infection. Although a negative PCR assay excludes this diagnosis, DNA hybridization may be the more specific serum test.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/517264