Age-related changes in axonal transport

In rats the rate of axonal transport (AT) or radiolabeled material decreased in the ventral roots of the spinal cord and the vagal and hypoglossal nerves with aging. A maximum AT deceleration in old age was observed in the vagus. The uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of glycolysis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental gerontology 1997-07, Vol.32 (4), p.441-450
Main Authors: Frolkis, Vladimir V., Tanin, Saltanat A., Gorban, Yevgeni N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aging
Aging - metabolism
Animals
axonal transport
Axonal Transport - drug effects
Axonal Transport - physiology
Axonal Transport - radiation effects
deceleration
Energy Metabolism
Estrogens - pharmacology
Gonadal Steroid Hormones - physiology
hormonal regulation
Hormones - pharmacology
hypoxia
Hypoxia - metabolism
Insulin - pharmacology
irradiation
Male
Rats
Rats, Wistar
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Summary:In rats the rate of axonal transport (AT) or radiolabeled material decreased in the ventral roots of the spinal cord and the vagal and hypoglossal nerves with aging. A maximum AT deceleration in old age was observed in the vagus. The uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of glycolysis and hypoxia induced a greater AT deceleration in old rats as compared to adults. Small doses of sodium fluoride accelerated AT, and this correlated with a rise in cAMP levels in ventral roots. High doses of sodium fluoride decelerated AT more markedly in old rats. It was shown that anabolic hormones (sex steroids and thyroxine) accelerated AT in both adult and old rats, whereas insulin induced a rise in AT rate in only adults. The catabolic steroid, hydrocortisone decelerated AT. In old rats castration diminished AT, while thyroidectomy had no effect. It was also shown that hydrocortisone and testosterone were transported along axons, reached fibers of the skeletal muscles, and hyperpolarized the plasma membrane. In old age the latent period was extended. Following 73 to 74 days of irradiation, AT slowed down in all the nerves studied in both adult and old rats. Following irradiation hormonal effects on AT changed, for example, the stimulatory effect of estradiol became weak, especially in old rats. Changes in AT could be an important mechanism of disordering the growth of neurons and innervated cells in old age.
ISSN:0531-5565
1873-6815
DOI:10.1016/S0531-5565(96)00168-4