Absence of adult age differences in forgetting in the brown-peterson task

• Published in: Acta psychologica 1989-10, Vol.72 (2), p.159-175
• Main Authors: Puckett, James M., Lawson, Ward M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aging - psychology; Attention; Biological and medical sciences; Conditioning; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Human; Humans; Learning. Memory; Memory, Short-Term; Middle Aged; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Psychomotor Performance; Retention (Psychology); Verbal Learning
• ISSN: 0001-6918; 1873-6297
• DOI: 10.1016/0001-6918(89)90042-5

Despite some recent evidence to the contrary, no reliable age differences in proactive interference (PI) or retroactive interference (RI) were found in a cross-sectional study of adults aged 18–29 and 63–75. Individual memory span was used as the list length in the Brown-Peterson Task in order to achieve stimulus equivalence of memory loads across individuals and age groups. Data from rehearsers were excluded from the analyses in order to isolate age differences in passive forgetting processes from those in rehearsal. PI was manipulated by presenting categorized or uncategorized memory lists. RI was manipulated, holding distractor task difficulty constant, by using words or tones in a signal detection distractor task. It is concluded that age differences are minimal to nonexistent in passive RI-related processes such as decay and perturbation and in passive PI-related processes such as set effects in semantic encoding.