The 20-Kilodalton (kDa) Human Growth Hormone (hGH) Differs from the 22-kDa hGH in the Complex Formation with Cell Surface hGH Receptor and hGH-Binding Protein Circulating in Human Plasma

• Published in: Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) Md.), 1998-01, Vol.12 (1), p.146-156
• Main Authors: Wada, Mitsufumi, Uchida, Hiroshi, Ikeda, Miwa, Tsunekawa, Bunkichi, Naito, Naokazu, Banba, Shinichi, Tanaka, Eishi, Hashimoto, Yoshihide, Honjo, Masaru
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Carrier Proteins - blood; Carrier Proteins - physiology; Cell Division - drug effects; Cell Line; Chromatography, Gel; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Human Growth Hormone - blood; Human Growth Hormone - physiology; Humans; Macromolecular Substances; Mice; Models, Molecular; Receptors, Somatotropin - blood; Receptors, Somatotropin - physiology; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
• ISSN: 0888-8809; 1944-9917
• DOI: 10.1210/mend.12.1.0054

In spite of recent advance in understanding of the stoichiometry of 22-kDa human GH (22K-hGH) with cell surface hGH receptor (hGHR) and hGH-binding protein (hGH-BP) circulating in human plasma, that of 20-kDa hGH (20K-hGH) is poorly understood. To clarify this, mouse pro-B Ba/F3 cells stably expressing the full-length hGHR (Ba/F3-hGHR) and both recombinant and native hGH-BP were used in this study. Cell proliferation assay revealed that the two hGH isoforms increased Ba/F3-hGHR cells to the same extent in a dose-dependent manner at 0.1 pm–10 nm. However, the self-inhibition observed in 20K-hGH at 5 μm was significantly less than that in 22K-hGH. Furthermore, addition of 1 and 10 nm recombinant hGH-BP caused a slight inhibition in 20K-hGH, but a drastic inhibition in 22K-hGH. Gel filtration chromatography of mixtures of 20K-hGH with recombinant hGH-BP clearly demonstrated that 20K-hGH formed a 1:2 (hGH:hGH-BP) complex efficiently but no detectable 1:1 complex in any conditions. Supporting data were also obtained with native hGH-BP. Computer-aided homology modeling of 20K-hGH has provided speculative data that the conformational change caused by deletion of 15 residues may occur only in the loop between helix 1 and helix 2, resulting in the reduction of its site 1 affinity. In conclusion, 20K-hGH possesses a unique property for forming a 1:2 complex to the same extent as 22K-hGH but has difficulty in forming a 1:1 complex, which might be attributed to the conformational change restricted to its site 1 region.