Effect of premedication on arterial blood gases prior to cardiac surgery

The effect of premedication on arterial blood gas tensions was studied in thirty adult surgical patients with valvular disease. They were divided into three groups, each group having a different premedication regimen. Blood gas tensions were compared in these patients when awake on the night before...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anaesthesia and intensive care 1990-02, Vol.18 (1), p.15-21
Main Authors: JONES, R. D. M, KAPOOR, S. C, WARREN, S. J, MOFFATT, C, MERRIDEW, C. G, MACKILLOP, A, HUI, P. W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Adult
Anesthetics. Neuromuscular blocking agents
Biological and medical sciences
Carbon Dioxide - blood
Female
Heart Valves - surgery
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Injections, Intramuscular
Lorazepam - administration & dosage
Lorazepam - pharmacology
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Morphine - administration & dosage
Morphine - pharmacology
Neuropharmacology
Oxygen - blood
Partial Pressure
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Preanesthetic Medication
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Scopolamine - administration & dosage
Scopolamine - pharmacology
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Summary:The effect of premedication on arterial blood gas tensions was studied in thirty adult surgical patients with valvular disease. They were divided into three groups, each group having a different premedication regimen. Blood gas tensions were compared in these patients when awake on the night before surgery, asleep, after premedication and just prior to induction of anaesthesia. Samples were taken while the patient breathed air and each patient acted as his/her own control. The patients were randomised into one of three premedication regimens: 1. intramuscular lorazepam, 2. intramuscular morphine and hyoscine (scopolamine) and 3. oral lorazepam plus intramuscular morphine and hyoscine. There was a statistically significant though not clinically significant rise in PaCO2 and fall in pH following premedication with lorazepam, morphine and hyoscine. There was also a significant fall in PaO2 associated with morphine and hyoscine premedication which was greater than that which occurred with unsedated sleep. Patients who are to undergo cardiac valvular surgery should receive supplementary oxygen following premedication and during transfer to the operating room.
ISSN:0310-057X
1448-0271
DOI:10.1177/0310057x9001800104