Randomised trial of effects of vitamin supplements on pregnancy outcomes and T cell counts in HIV-1-infected women in Tanzania

In HIV-1-infected women, poor micronutrient status has been associated with faster progression of HIV-1 disease and adverse birth outcomes. We assessed the effects of vitamin A and multivitamins on birth outcomes in such women. In Tanzania, 1075 HIV-1-infected pregnant women at between 12 and 27 wee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Lancet (British edition) 1998-05, Vol.351 (9114), p.1477-1482
Main Authors: Fawzi, Wafaie W, Msamanga, Gernard I, Spiegelman, Donna, Urassa, Ernest JN, McGrath, Nuala, Mwakagile, Davis, Antelman, Gretchen, Mbise, Roger, Kapiga, Saidi, Willett, Walter, Hunter, David J, Herrera, Guillermo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AIDS/HIV
Biological and medical sciences
CD3 Complex
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Clinical trials
Developing Countries
Disease Progression
Double-Blind Method
Female
HIV
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - epidemiology
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV-1
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Lymphocyte Count
Lymphocytes
Medical sciences
Miscellaneous
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Population
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - drug therapy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - immunology
Pregnancy Outcome
Tanzania - epidemiology
Tropical medicine
Vitamin A - administration & dosage
Vitamin A - therapeutic use
Vitamins
Vitamins - administration & dosage
Vitamins - therapeutic use
Women
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Summary:In HIV-1-infected women, poor micronutrient status has been associated with faster progression of HIV-1 disease and adverse birth outcomes. We assessed the effects of vitamin A and multivitamins on birth outcomes in such women. In Tanzania, 1075 HIV-1-infected pregnant women at between 12 and 27 weeks' gestation received placebo (n=267), vitamin A (n=269), multivitamins excluding vitamin A (n=269), or multivitamins including vitamin A (n=270) in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with a 2×2 factorial design. We measured the effects of multivitamins and vitamin A on birth outcomes and counts of T lymphocyte subsets. We did analyses by intention to treat. 30 fetal deaths occurred among women assigned multivitamins compared with 49 among those not on multivitamins (relative risk 0·61 [95% CI 0·39–0·94] p=0·02). Multivitamin supplementation decreased the risk of low birthweight (
ISSN:0140-6736
1474-547X
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)04197-X