Measurement of the time course of peripheral vasoactivity: results in cigarette smokers

The brachial artery response to flow was assessed non-invasively by ultrasonic measurement of arterial diameter before and 1 min after 5 min of cuff-induced ischemia. It was hypothesized that continuous measurement of arterial diameter and flow velocity would provide a more complete and accurate eva...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Atherosclerosis 1998-05, Vol.138 (1), p.197-205
Main Authors: Stadler, Robert W, Ibrahim, Sherrif F, Lees, Robert S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Arteries
Biological and medical sciences
Brachial Artery - diagnostic imaging
Brachial Artery - physiology
Endothelium-derived factors
Female
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Reference Values
Smoking
Time Factors
Tobacco, tobacco smoking
Toxicology
Ultrasonics
Ultrasonography
Vasoconstriction - physiology
Vasodilation - physiology
Vasomotor System - physiology
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Summary:The brachial artery response to flow was assessed non-invasively by ultrasonic measurement of arterial diameter before and 1 min after 5 min of cuff-induced ischemia. It was hypothesized that continuous measurement of arterial diameter and flow velocity would provide a more complete and accurate evaluation of the response to change in blood flow. Therefore, a system to provide this data was developed and its utility in exploring the acute and chronic effects of smoking on arterial function was demonstrated. Brachial artery diameter and flow velocity were measured before, during and for at least 3 min after 5-min of forearm cuff occlusion. Measurements were acquired from 12 habitual smokers (mean 18.3 pack years), after at least 2 h (mean 6.5 h) without smoking (‘pre-cigarette’) and immediately after smoking one cigarette (‘post-cigarette’), as well as from 12 age- and sex-matched lifelong non-smokers. The slope of brachial artery diameter versus time during the occlusion period and the maximum dilation after cuff release relative to the pre-occlusion diameter were significantly decreased in pre-cigarette smokers compared with non-smokers ( P
ISSN:0021-9150
1879-1484
DOI:10.1016/S0021-9150(97)00267-0