Effects of hypertonic NaCl solution on microvascular haemodynamics in normo- and hypovolaemia

• Published in: Acta physiologica Scandinavica 1990-09, Vol.140 (1), p.85-94
• Main Authors: BOUSKELA, E., GRAMPP, W., MELLANDER, S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Animals; arterioles; Biological and medical sciences; blood flow; Blood Pressure - drug effects; Cheek - blood supply; Cricetinae; diameter measurements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emergency and intensive cardiocirculatory care. Cardiogenic shock. Coronary intensive care; Hemorrhage - drug therapy; Hemorrhage - physiopathology; hyperosmotic solution; Hypertonic Solutions; hypovolaemic shock; Infusions, Intravenous; Intensive care medicine; Isotonic Solutions; Medical sciences; microcirculation; Microcirculation - drug effects; Shock - drug therapy; Shock - physiopathology; Sodium Chloride - pharmacology; ven; Venous Pressure - drug effects
• ISSN: 0001-6772; 1365-201X
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1990.tb08978.x

The aims of this study were to investigate possible resuscitation effects of a single, 10‐min, 350‐μl intravenous infusion of 7.5% NaCl in hamsters in haemorrhagic shock and to compare the effects of such infusion with an identical one of 0.9% NaCl on the hamster cheek pouch microcirculation during normovolaemia and after acute bleeding to a hypotension level of about 40 mmHg. No significant differences could be detected between the effects of either infusion given to normovolaemic normotensive hamsters. In the animals subjected to haemorrhage, upon bleeding, arterioles larger than 40 μ constricted, arterioles smaller than 40 μ dilated and venular diameter did not change, while blood flow decreased in all vessels. The main differences between the infusions after haemorrhage were a significant increase in mean arterial pressure and arteriolar blood flow, venoconstriction and a tendency for the smaller arterioles to remain more dilated and the larger ones more constricted after the hypertonic infusion. Central nervous and/or reflex excitation of the sympathetic nervous system could account for the constriction of venules and larger arterioles, while a direct effect of hyperosmolarity could explain the dilatation of the smaller arterioles. The study can therefore help to explain some of the mechanisms underlying the reported resuscitation effect of 7.5yo NaCl infusion in animals during severe haemorrhagic hypovolaemia.