Acute and chronic effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors on the essential hypertensive kidney

The natural course of essential hypertensive renal disease is characterized by a slowly progressive impairment of renal function. Initially, the changes are functional and reversible; however, structural changes gradually occur, leading to hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Similarities exist between the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy 1990-02, Vol.4 (1), p.207-219
Main Authors: REAMS, G. P, BAUER, J. H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiotensin II - physiology
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Antihypertensive agents
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular system
Humans
Hypertension - drug therapy
Hypertension - physiopathology
Kidney - drug effects
Kidney - physiopathology
Medical sciences
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Time Factors
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Summary:The natural course of essential hypertensive renal disease is characterized by a slowly progressive impairment of renal function. Initially, the changes are functional and reversible; however, structural changes gradually occur, leading to hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Similarities exist between the early functional hemodynamic changes observed in the essential hypertensive kidney and the physiologic renal effects of angiotensin II. To the degree that the initial functional changes are the result of excessive endogenous production of angiotensin II, interruption of the integrity of this humoral system could be expected to reverse the pathophysiologic sequence of events leading to hypertensive nephrosclerosis. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of the essential hypertensive kidney, the intrarenal effects of angiotensin II, and the acute and chronic effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition therapy on the essential hypertensive kidney. The data reviewed suggest that ACE inhibition therapy does reverse the initial functional hemodynamic changes observed in the essential hypertensive kidney and may protect the glomerulus from hemodynamically mediated injury.
ISSN:0920-3206
1573-7241
DOI:10.1007/BF01857635