The patient's right to information in Japan—Legal rules and doctor's opinions

• Published in: Social science & medicine (1982) 1991, Vol.32 (9), p.1007-1016
• Main Authors: Hattori, Hiroyuki, Salzberg, Stephan M., Kiang, Winston P., Fujimiya, Tatsuya, Tejima, Yutaka, Furuno, Junji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Attitude of Health Personnel - ethnology; Bioethics; Biological and medical sciences; Disclosure; Doctors; Humans; Informed consent; Informed Consent - legislation & jurisprudence; informed consent malpractice medical record physician-patient relationship; Japan; Jehovah's Witnesses; Legal aspects; malpractice; Medical ethics; medical record; Medical Records; Medical sciences; Medical sector; Medical treatment; Middle Aged; Opinions; Patient Access to Records; Patient Advocacy - legislation & jurisprudence; Patient Advocacy - standards; Patient Participation - legislation & jurisprudence; Patient Rights; Physician and patient; physician-patient relationship; Physicians; Physicians - psychology; Professional ethics; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Risk Assessment; Surveys and Questionnaires; Therapeutic Human Experimentation; Truth Disclosure; Yamaguchi (prefecture), Japan
• ISSN: 0277-9536; 1873-5347
• DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90158-9

A questionnaire survey concerning informed consent was administrated among Japanese physicians in Yamaguchi prefecture. The survey results showed that even though these Japanese physicians are willing to give their patients sufficient information to obtain informed consent, the discretion of the physician to provide information is still prevalent. The survey also revealed that Japanese physicians believe that information regarding the treatment to be administrated should be fully disclosed both in cases when the treatment is still experimental and when it is established among specialists. Finally, the survey showed that despite the liberal attitude of the Japanese physicians toward informed consent, they are reluctant to make medical records accessible to the patients. It was found that when Japanese physicians were faced with special cases such as prior to administering high-risk diagnostic procedures, prior to disclosing the presence of cancer in their patients, or when faced with patients unwilling to receive treatment, the involvement of the patient's family members in the decision-making process was preferred so as not to aggravate the patient's emotional anxiety. With respect to cancer patients, the survey suggested that many Japanese physicians believe that cancer operations performed without informed consent from the patient should be legal. Finally, the survey concluded that, although the concept of individualized informed consent has been generally accepted among physicians, the involvement of family members in the decision-making process and a conservative attitude toward disclosure of information are still prevalent in Japan.