Less-Lethal Hybrid Ammunition Wounds: A Forensic Assessment Introducing Bullet-Skin-Bone Entity

:  Agencies all around the world now use less‐lethal weapons with homogeneous missiles such as bean bag or rubber bullets. Contusions and sometimes significant morbidity have been reported. This study focuses on wounds caused by hybrid ammunition with the pathologists’ flap‐by‐flap procedure. Twenty...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of forensic sciences 2010-09, Vol.55 (5), p.1367-1370
Main Authors: De Freminville, Humbert, Prat, Nicolas, Rongieras, Frederic, Voiglio, Eric J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Ammunition
Beans
Bones
bullet-skin-bone entity
Cadaver
Equipment Design
Female
Firearms
forensic assessment
Forensic Ballistics
Forensic pathology
forensic science
Fractures, Bone - etiology
Fractures, Bone - pathology
Frontal Bone - injuries
Frontal Bone - pathology
Humans
hybrid ammunition
Injuries
Law Enforcement
less-lethal weapon
Male
Skin
Sternum - injuries
Sternum - pathology
Temporal Bone - injuries
Temporal Bone - pathology
Tibia - injuries
Tibia - pathology
wounds
Wounds, Gunshot - pathology
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Summary::  Agencies all around the world now use less‐lethal weapons with homogeneous missiles such as bean bag or rubber bullets. Contusions and sometimes significant morbidity have been reported. This study focuses on wounds caused by hybrid ammunition with the pathologists’ flap‐by‐flap procedure. Twenty‐four postmortem human subjects were used, and lesions caused on frontal, temporal, sternal, and left tibial regions by a 40‐mm hybrid ammunition (33 g weight) were evaluated on various distance range. The 50% risk of fractures occurred at 79.2 m/sec on the forehead, 72.9 m/sec on the temporal, 72.5 m/sec on the sternum, and 76.7 m/sec on the tibia. Skin lesions were not predictors of bone fracture. There was no correlation between soft and bone tissue observed lesions and impact velocity (correlated to distance range). Lesions observed with hybrid ammunition were the result of bullet‐skin‐bone entity as the interaction of the projectile on skin and bone tissues.
ISSN:0022-1198
1556-4029
DOI:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01431.x