Behavioral strategies in diabetes prevention programs: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Abstract The worldwide epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D) emphasizes the need for guidelines regarding community implementation of lifestyle modification prevention programs. An understanding of effective behavioral strategies is needed if evidence translation is to be realized. The aim of this paper...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diabetes research and clinical practice 2011-01, Vol.91 (1), p.1-12
Main Authors: Baker, Michael K, Simpson, Kylie, Lloyd, Bradley, Bauman, Adrian E, Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Behavioral Medicine - methods
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control
Diet therapy
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Exercise
Female
Health behavior
Health Promotion - methods
Humans
Life Style
Lifestyle
Male
Middle Aged
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
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Summary:Abstract The worldwide epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D) emphasizes the need for guidelines regarding community implementation of lifestyle modification prevention programs. An understanding of effective behavioral strategies is needed if evidence translation is to be realized. The aim of this paper is to systematically review the behavioral change strategies for lifestyle T2D prevention programs. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of lifestyle interventions for the prevention of T2D were reviewed with a systematic literature search. Data relating to the behavioral strategies and trial outcomes were extracted. Results Overall, lifestyle interventions were successful in reducing the incidence of T2D. The behavioral strategies utilized in these interventions were drawn from a variety of theoretical backgrounds. All RCTs utilized intensive modes of delivery and were associated with low dropout rates of 5.5–13.4%. Conclusions The available evidence shows that a robust behavioral change strategy is an essential part of an effective lifestyle modification program, as the absence of intensive individualized advice or “information only” more closely resembles the control group interventions used in these RCTs.
ISSN:0168-8227
1872-8227
DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2010.06.030