Analysis of anthocyanins in commercial fruit juices by using nano-liquid chromatography-electrospray-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-vis detector

• Published in: Journal of separation science 2011, Vol.34 (2), p.150-159
• Main Authors: Fanali, Chiara, Dugo, Laura, D'Orazio, Giovanni, Lirangi, Melania, Dachà, Marina, Dugo, Paola, Mondello, Luigi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anthocyanins; Anthocyanins - analysis; Beverages - analysis; Biological and medical sciences; Blueberry Plants - chemistry; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - instrumentation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods; Chromatography, Liquid - instrumentation; Chromatography, Liquid - methods; Food analysis; Food industries; Fruit - chemistry; Fruit and vegetable industries; Fruit juice; Fruits; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HPLC; Juices; Nano-liquid chromatography; Nanocomposites; Nanomaterials; Nanostructure; Non alcoholic beverage industries and mineral waters; Quantitative analysis; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization - instrumentation; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization - methods
• ISSN: 1615-9306; 1615-9314; 1615-9314
• DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000665

Nano-LC and conventional HPLC techniques were applied for the analysis of anthocyanins present in commercial fruit juices using a capillary column of 100 μm id and a 2.1 mm id narrow-bore C₁₈ column. Analytes were detected by UV-Vis at 518 nm and ESI-ion trap MS with HPLC and nano-LC, respectively. Commercial blueberry juice (14 anthocyanins detected) was used to optimize chromatographic separation of analytes and other analysis parameters. Qualitative identification of anthocyanins was performed by comparing the recorded mass spectral data with those of published papers. The use of the same mobile phase composition in both techniques revealed that the miniaturized method exhibited shorter analysis time and higher sensitivity than narrow-bore chromatography. Good intra-day and day-to-day precision of retention time was obtained in both methods with values of RSD less than 3.4 and 0.8% for nano-LC and HPLC, respectively. Quantitative analysis was performed by external standard curve calibration of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside standard. Calibration curves were linear in the concentration ranges studied, 0.1-50 and 6-50 μg/mL for HPLC-UV/Vis and nano-LC-MS, respectively. LOD and LOQ values were good for both methods. In addition to commercial blueberry juice, qualitative and quantitative analysis of other juices (e.g. raspberry, sweet cherry and pomegranate) was performed. The optimized nano-LC-MS method allowed an easy and selective identification and quantification of anthocyanins in commercial fruit juices; it offered good results, shorter analysis time and reduced mobile phase volume with respect to narrow-bore HPLC.