Microchips and controlled-release drug reservoirs

This review summarizes and updates the development of implantable microchip‐containing devices that control dosing from drug reservoirs integrated with the devices. As the expense and risk of new drug development continues to increase, technologies that make the best use of existing therapeutics may...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology 2010-07, Vol.2 (4), p.400-417
Main Author: Staples, Mark
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Automation
Chemical compounds
Data management
Diagnostic systems
Drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
Drug Delivery Systems - instrumentation
Drug development
Drug dosages
Equipment Design
Fabrication
Humans
Infusion Pumps, Implantable
Integrated circuits
Materials science
Medical devices
Medical equipment
Medical innovations
Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems - instrumentation
Microelectromechanical systems
Nanoelectromechanical systems
Nanomaterials
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology - instrumentation
Pain
Pharmacology
Polymer chemistry
Precision Medicine - instrumentation
Semiconductors
Surgery
Surgical equipment
Surgical implants
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Summary:This review summarizes and updates the development of implantable microchip‐containing devices that control dosing from drug reservoirs integrated with the devices. As the expense and risk of new drug development continues to increase, technologies that make the best use of existing therapeutics may add significant value. Trends of future medical care that may require advanced drug delivery systems include individualized therapy and the capability to automate drug delivery. Implantable drug delivery devices that promise to address these anticipated needs have been constructed in a variety of ways using micro‐ and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS or NEMS)‐based technology. These devices expand treatment options for addressing unmet medical needs related to dosing. Within the last few years, advances in several technologies (MEMS or NEMS fabrication, materials science, polymer chemistry, and data management) have converged to enable the construction of miniaturized implantable devices for controlled delivery of therapeutic agents from one or more reservoirs. Suboptimal performance of conventional dosing methods in terms of safety, efficacy, pain, or convenience can be improved with advanced delivery devices. Microchip‐based implantable drug delivery devices allow localized delivery by direct placement of the device at the treatment site, delivery on demand (emergency administration, pulsatile, or adjustable continuous dosing), programmable dosing cycles, automated delivery of multiple drugs, and dosing in response to physiological and diagnostic feedback. In addition, innovative drug‐medical device combinations may protect labile active ingredients within hermetically sealed reservoirs. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 400–417 This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants
ISSN:1939-5116
1939-0041
1939-0041
DOI:10.1002/wnan.93