Detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in vaccinated chicken flocks by monitoring antibodies against non-structural protein 1 (NS1)

• Published in: Veterinary microbiology 2011-01, Vol.147 (3), p.283-291
• Main Authors: Takeyama, Natsumi, Minari, Kenji, Kajihara, Masahiro, Isoda, Norikazu, Sakamoto, Ryuichi, Sasaki, Takashi, Kokumai, Norihide, Takikawa, Noriyasu, Shiraishi, Rikiya, Mase, Masaji, Hagiwara, Junko, Kodama, Toshiaki, Imamura, Takashi, Sakaguchi, Masashi, Ohgitani, Toshiaki, Sawata, Akira, Okamatsu, Masatoshi, Muramatsu, Masatake, Tsukamoto, Kenji, Lin, Zhifeng, Tuchiya, Kotaro, Sakoda, Yoshihiro, Kida, Hiroshi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: accuracy; Animals; antibodies; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Applied microbiology; Avian influenza; Avian influenza virus; Biological and medical sciences; Chickens; disease surveillance; disease transmission; DIVA system; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; hemagglutinins; highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; immune response; immunologic techniques; Influenza A virus; Influenza A virus - immunology; Influenza in Birds - diagnosis; Influenza in Birds - immunology; Influenza in Birds - virology; Influenza Vaccines - immunology; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; nonstructural protein 1; NS1-ELISA; pathogenicity; Poultry Diseases - diagnosis; Poultry Diseases - immunology; Poultry Diseases - virology; seroprevalence; strains; test sensitivity; vaccination; Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects); viral antigens; Viral Nonstructural Proteins - immunology; viral proteins; Virology
• ISSN: 0378-1135; 1873-2542
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.07.002

H5 and H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) represent a major global concern in poultries and human health. Avian influenza (AI) vaccines are available but not preferred for field applications, primarily because vaccination interferes with sero-surveillances of AIV infection. To overcome the problem, ELISA systems using non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of AIV as antigens (NS1-ELISA) have been developed to measure anti-NS1 antibodies that are raised in AIV-infected but not in vaccinated chickens. However, some AI-vaccinated chickens having a weak anti-virus immune response may subsequently be infected with AIV and spread the virus. This raises a concern for the validity of NS1-ELISA to detect AIV infection in previously vaccinated chickens. In this study, we developed NS1-ELISA and assessed its feasibility to detect HPAIV infection in chickens previously immunized with H5 or H7 AI vaccines. The results indicated that the NS1-ELISA could identify HPAIV infection in both unvaccinated and vaccinated chickens at 1 week after infection in correlation with results from time-consuming virus isolation tests. Taken together, the NS1-ELISA system would be valuable tool to define HPAIV infection when AI vaccine program is in place.