Automotive shredder residue (ASR): Reviewing its production from end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) and its recycling, energy or chemicals’ valorisation

ASR is in Europe classified as hazardous waste. Both the stringent landfill legislation and the objectives/legislation related to ELV treatment of various countries, will limit current landfilling practice and impose an increased efficiency of the recovery and recycling of ELVs. The present paper si...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2011-06, Vol.190 (1), p.8-27
Main Authors: Vermeulen, I., Van Caneghem, J., Block, C., Baeyens, J., Vandecasteele, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Automobiles
Automotive components
Automotive shredder residue
cement
Crashworthiness
ELVs
energy
Energy recovery
Environment
Environmental impact
Exact sciences and technology
Gasification
General treatment and storage processes
hazardous waste
kilns
landfills
laws and regulations
Legislation
mixing
Pollution
Pyrolysis
Recovering
Recycling
Recycling - methods
Thermo-chemical recovery
Waste Management - methods
Wastes
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Summary:ASR is in Europe classified as hazardous waste. Both the stringent landfill legislation and the objectives/legislation related to ELV treatment of various countries, will limit current landfilling practice and impose an increased efficiency of the recovery and recycling of ELVs. The present paper situates ASR within the ELV context. Primary recovery techniques recycle up to 75% of the ELV components; the remaining 25% is called ASR. Characteristics of ASR and possible upgrading by secondary recovery techniques are reviewed. The latter techniques can produce a fuel- or fillergrade ASR, however with limitations as discussed. A further reduction of ASR to be disposed of calls upon (co-)incineration or the use of thermo-chemical processes, such as pyrolysis or gasification. The application in waste-to-energy plants, in cement kilns or in metallurgical processes is possible, with attention to the possible environmental impact: research into these impacts is discussed in detail. Pyrolysis and gasification are emerging technologies: although the sole use of ASR is debatable, its mixing with other waste streams is gradually being applied in commercial processes. The environmental impacts of the processes are acceptable, but more supporting data are needed and the advantage over (co-)incineration remains to be proven.
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.02.088