Paraxial gas-cell focusing of relativistic electron beams for radiography

A description of the underlying physics governing the operation of pulsed-power driven, gas-filled, paraxial diodes is presented. Gas-filled focusing cells are routinely used to transport high energy density electron beams for use in flash X-ray radiography experiments. The paraxial diode acts as a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on plasma science 2005-04, Vol.33 (2), p.704-711
Main Authors: Oliver, B.V., Short, D., Cooper, G., McLean, J., O'Malley, J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atomic measurements
Beam optics
Beam shaping, beam splitting
Beam-plasma propagation
Beams (radiation)
betatron focusing
Cathodes
Charged-particle beams
Diodes
Electromagnetism
electron and ion optics
Electron beams
Electrons
Energy density
Exact sciences and technology
Focal plane
Focusing
Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications)
Geometrical optics
Mathematical analysis
paraxial e-beams
Particle beam interactions in plasma
Particle beams
Physics
Physics of gases, plasmas and electric discharges
Physics of plasmas and electric discharges
Plasma
Plasma interactions (nonlaser)
pulsed power
Radiation
Radiography
Relativistic electron and positron beams
Roots
Simulation
Voltage
Weapons
X-ray radiography
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Description
Summary:A description of the underlying physics governing the operation of pulsed-power driven, gas-filled, paraxial diodes is presented. Gas-filled focusing cells are routinely used to transport high energy density electron beams for use in flash X-ray radiography experiments. The paraxial diode acts as a 1/4 betatron focusing element with a focal length F proportional to the square root of the beam energy and inversely proportional to the square root of the net current in the gas cell F/spl prop/(/spl gamma//I/sub net/)/sup 1/2/. Particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate that the time integrated radiation spot is determined both by focal sweeping due to time varying net currents and by finite beam emittance. The calculated radiation focal plane, spot, and dose are compared to data obtained by the Atomic Weapons Establishment, U.K., from a variety of experimental configurations and demonstrate good agreement between simulation and experiment. Suggestions to improve the focal properties of the diode are presented.
ISSN:0093-3813
1939-9375
DOI:10.1109/TPS.2005.844532