2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene mineralization and bacterial production rates of natural microbial assemblages from coastal sediments

• Published in: Environmental pollution (1987) 2011-12, Vol.159 (12), p.3673-3680
• Main Authors: Montgomery, Michael T., Coffin, Richard B., Boyd, Thomas J., Smith, Joseph P., Walker, Shelby E., Osburn, Christopher L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Bacteria; Bacteria - growth & development; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Bacteria - metabolism; Biodegradation; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biological and physicochemical properties of pollutants. Interaction in the soil; Carbon; Carbon dioxide; Coastal; coastal water; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Ecosystem; ecosystems; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics; Exact sciences and technology; freshwater; Geologic Sediments - chemistry; Geologic Sediments - microbiology; metabolism; microbial biomass; Microorganisms; Mineralization; phosphorus; Pollution; Pollution, environment geology; Seawater - microbiology; Sediment; Sediments; Soil and sediments pollution; surveys; TNT; trinitrotoluene; Trinitrotoluene - metabolism; Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism
• ISSN: 0269-7491; 1873-6424
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.07.018

The nitrogenous energetic constituent, 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT), is widely reported to be resistant to bacterial mineralization (conversion to CO 2); however, these studies primarily involve bacterial isolates from freshwater where bacterial production is typically limited by phosphorus. This study involved six surveys of coastal waters adjacent to three biome types: temperate broadleaf, northern coniferous, and tropical. Capacity to catabolize and mineralize TNT ring carbon to CO 2 was a common feature of natural sediment assemblages from these coastal environments (ranging to 270+/−38 μg C kg −1 d −1). More importantly, these mineralization rates comprised a significant proportion of total heterotrophic production. The finding that most natural assemblages surveyed from these ecosystems can mineralize TNT ring carbon to CO 2 is consistent with recent reports that assemblage components can incorporate TNT ring carbon into bacterial biomass. These data counter the widely held contention that TNT is recalcitrant to bacterial catabolism of the ring carbon in natural environments. ► TNT mineralization is a common feature of natural bacterial assemblages in coastal sediments. ► TNT mineralization rates comprised a significant proportion of total heterotrophic production. ► These data counter the widely held contention that TNT is recalcitrant to bacterial catabolism of the ring carbon in natural environments. The capacity to mineralize TNT ring carbon to CO 2 is a common feature of natural bacterial assemblages in coastal sediment.