Metabolic response of tomato leaves upon different plant-pathogen interactions

• Published in: Phytochemical analysis 2010, Vol.21 (1), p.89-94
• Main Authors: López-Gresa, M. Pilar, Maltese, Federica, Bellés, José María, Conejero, Vicente, Kim, Hye Kyong, Choi, Young Hae, Verpoorte, Robert
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: analytical methods; bacterial diseases of plants; chemical analysis; Chromatography, Liquid; Citrus exocortis viroid; Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd); Data processing; disease resistance; Flavonoids; Fungi; gentisic acid; Host-Pathogen Interactions; host-pathogen relationships; Hypersensitive response; Infection; Leaves; Lycopersicon esculentum; Lycopersicon esculentum - metabolism; Lycopersicon esculentum - microbiology; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metabolic response; Metabolites; metabolome; metabolomics; multivariate analysis; N.M.R; NMR-based metabolomics; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Pathogens; phenylpropanoids; physiological response; Plant extracts; Plant Leaves - metabolism; plant response; Plant viruses; plant-pathogen interaction; principal component analysis; Pseudomonas syringae; Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato; rutin; Solanum lycopersicum; spectral analysis; tomatoes; Viroids
• ISSN: 0958-0344; 1099-1565; 1099-1565
• DOI: 10.1002/pca.1179

Introduction - Plants utilise vaious defence mechanisms against their potential biotic stressing agents such as viroids, viruses, bacteria or fungi and abiotic environmental challenges. Among them metabolic alteration is a common response in both compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interactions. However, the identification of metabolic changes associated with defence response is not an easy task due to the complexity of the metabolome and the plant response. To address the problem of metabolic complexity, a metabolomics approach was employed in this study.Objective - To identify a wide range of pathogen (citrus exocortis viroid, CEVd, or Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato)-induced metabolites of tomato using metabolomics.Methodology - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with multivariate data analysis were performed to analyse the metabolic changes implicated in plant-pathogen interaction.Results - NMR-based metabolomics of crude extracts allowed the identification of different metabolites implicated in the systemic (viroid) and hypersensitive response (bacteria) in plant-pathogen interactions. While glycosylated gentisic acid was the most important induced metabolite in the viroid infection, phenylpropanoids and a flavonoid (rutin) were found to be associated with bacterial infection.Conclusions - NMR metabolomics is a potent platform to analyse the compounds involved in different plant infections. A broad response to different pathogenic infections was revealed at metabolomic levels in the plant. Also, metabolic specificity against each pathogen was observed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.