Exemestane Versus Anastrozole as Front-Line Endocrine Therapy in Postmenopausal Patients With Hormone Receptor-Positive, Advanced Breast Cancer: Final Results from the Spanish Breast Cancer Group 2001-03 Phase 2 Randomized Trial

• Published in: Cancer 2012, Vol.118 (1), p.241-247
• Main Authors: LLOMBART-CUSSAC, Antonio, RUIZ, Amparo, CARRASCO, Eva, CAMARA, Carmen, CASAS, Isabel, MARTIN, Miguel, ANTON, Antonio, BARNADAS, Agusti, ANTOLIN, Silvia, ALES-MARTINEZ, Jose E, ALVAREZ, Isabel, ANDRES, Raquel, GARCIA SAENZ, Jose A, LAO, Juan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Androstadienes - adverse effects; Androstadienes - therapeutic use; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal - therapeutic use; Aromatase Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy; Breast Neoplasms - mortality; Cross-Over Studies; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Humans; Mammary gland diseases; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent - drug therapy; Nitriles - adverse effects; Nitriles - therapeutic use; Postmenopause; Treatment Outcome; Triazoles - adverse effects; Triazoles - therapeutic use; Tumors
• ISSN: 0008-543X; 1097-0142
• DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26299

Several aromatase inhibitor studies have reported variations in the inhibitory potency of these agents that could lead to differences in clinical outcomes. In the current study, the authors formally evaluated the activity of anastrozole and exemestane in postmenopausal women with hormone-responsive, advanced breast cancer. Postmenopausal women who had measurable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors and had not received previous endocrine therapy for advanced breast cancer were randomized to receive either oral exemestane 25 mg daily or oral anastrozole 1 mg daily until they had disease progression. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR), and secondary endpoints included the clinical benefit rate (CBR), time to progression (TTP), overall survival, and safety. Crossover to the other aromatase inhibitor was permitted at the time of disease progression; ORR, CBR, and TTP after second-line treatment also were explored. In total, 103 patients were enrolled. The median patient age was 71.6 years, 52.4% of patients had visceral disease, and 75.8% of patients had ≥ 2 disease sites. Half of the patients had received previous tamoxifen, and 60% had received previous chemotherapy. The efficacy observed in the exemestane and anastrozole groups was an ORR of 36.2% and 46%, respectively; a CBR of 59.6% and 68%, respectively, and a TTP of 6.1 months and 12.1 months, respectively. At progression, 28 patients crossed over to the other aromatase inhibitor, including 16 patients who switched to exemestane (CBR, 43.7%; TTP, 4.4 months) and 12 patients who switched to anastrozole (CBR, 8.3%; TTP, 2 months). Both drugs were generally well tolerated, and no study drug-related serious adverse events were reported. In this phase 2 randomized trial, no significant differences in clinical activity were observed in favor of exemestane to justify a superiority phase 3 trial design in the first-line setting.