Effect of density control and undercutting on root morphology of 1+0 bareroot hardwood seedlings: five-year field performance of root-graded stock in the central USA

The Hardwood Quality Nursery Cooperative (bareroot forest nurseries in 5 midwestern states) initiated a series of studies in 1987 to evaluate red oak (Quercus rubra L.), and black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) seedling performance as a function of cultural treatments and seedling root system morphology....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:New forests 1997-05, Vol.13 (1-3), p.301-301
Main Authors: Schultz, R.C. (Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (USA). Dept. of Forestry), Thompson, J.R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CORTA DE LAS RAICES
CROP PERFORMANCE
DESEMPENO DE CULTIVOS
ESPACEMENT
ESPACIAMIENTO
ETATS UNIS
EUA
FOREST NURSERIES
Forestry
GROWTH RATE
INDICE DE CRECIMIENTO
Juglans
JUGLANS NIGRA
Morphology
Nurseries
PEPINIERE FORESTIERE
PERFORMANCE DE CULTURE
Plant growth
PLANTULAS
PLANTULE
QUERCUS RUBRA
ROOT PRUNING
ROOT SYSTEMS
Roots
SEEDLINGS
Seeds
SISTEMA RADICULAR
SPACING
Stems
SUPERVIVENCIA
SURVIE
SURVIVAL
SYSTEME RACINAIRE
TAILLE DES RACINES
TAUX DE CROISSANCE
USA
VIVEROS FORESTALES
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Summary:The Hardwood Quality Nursery Cooperative (bareroot forest nurseries in 5 midwestern states) initiated a series of studies in 1987 to evaluate red oak (Quercus rubra L.), and black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) seedling performance as a function of cultural treatments and seedling root system morphology. Seedlings were grown at three densities (32, 64, and 128 stems m^sup -2^for red oak; 32, 64, and 96 stems m^sup -2^for black walnut), and half of the density plots were undercut. Seedlings received fertilizer, weeding, and irrigation treatments customary to their respective nurseries. Seedlings were lifted, measured, and outplanted in their respective states as completely random individual tree plots during spring 1988. Survival, height, and diameter were evaluated annually through 1992. Seedling height, diameter, and number of permanent first-order lateral roots (FOLR) decreased with increasing bed density. At a given density, undercutting produced smaller seedlings (for both height and diameter) that had greater numbers of FOLR. Numbers of FOLR influenced seedling performance after outplanting. Red oak seedlings with at least 5 FOLR and black walnut with at least 7 FOLR had better survival and growth than seedlings with fewer roots.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
ISSN:0169-4286
1573-5095
DOI:10.1023/A:1006594510503